Class 9 Political Science (Civics) Chapter 3 - Electoral Politics | Extra Questions -Answer related to the chapter | JAC | English Version

NCERT Class IX Civics chapter Electoral Politics (JAC)

Part 1: Basics of Electoral Politics (1-25)

1. What is an election?

Ans.- An election is a process where people choose their representatives through voting.

2. Why are elections important in a democracy?

Ans.- Elections are important as they enable citizens to choose their government and hold it accountable.

3. What is a constituency?

Ans.- A constituency is a geographical area where voters elect one representative.

4. What are reserved constituencies?

Ans.- Constituencies reserved for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs).

5. What is Universal Adult Franchise?

Ans.- Universal Adult Franchise is the right of every adult citizen to vote, irrespective of caste, gender, or wealth.

6. What is the minimum age for voting in India?

Ans.- The minimum age for voting in India is 18 years.

7. What is the Election Commission?

Ans.- The Election Commission is an independent body that conducts elections in India.

8. When was the Election Commission of India established?

Ans.- The Election Commission of India was established on January 25, 1950.

9. Who was the first Chief Election Commissioner of India?

Ans.- Sukumar Sen was the first Chief Election Commissioner of India.

10. What is the term of the Lok Sabha?

Ans.- The term of the Lok Sabha is 5 years, unless dissolved earlier.

11. What is a voter list?

Ans.- A voter list is an official list of eligible voters in a constituency.

12. What is the First-Past-The-Post (FPTP) system?

Ans.- The FPTP system is where the candidate with the most votes in a constituency wins.

13. What is NOTA?

Ans.- NOTA stands for “None of the Above” and is an option for voters to reject all candidates.

14. When was NOTA introduced in India?

Ans.- NOTA was introduced in India in 2013.

15. What is a polling booth?

Ans.- A polling booth is a designated place where voters cast their votes.

16. What is voter turnout?

Ans.- Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who participate in an election.

17. What is a by-election?

Ans.- A by-election is held to fill a vacant seat during the term.

18. What is a re-election?

Ans.- A re-election is conducted when election results are declared invalid due to malpractices.

19. What is a manifesto?

Ans.- A manifesto is a document outlining a political party’s promises and policies before elections.

20. What is the role of the Election Commission?

Ans.- The Election Commission ensures free and fair elections.

21. What is the Model Code of Conduct?

Ans.- The Model Code of Conduct is a set of guidelines for political parties and candidates during elections.

22. What is a coalition government?

Ans.- A coalition government is formed by an alliance of multiple political parties.

23. What is booth capturing?

Ans.- Booth capturing is a malpractice where a group seizes control of a polling booth to rig votes.

24. What is a secret ballot?

Ans.- A secret ballot is a voting method where the voter’s choice is confidential.

25. What is an electoral roll?

Ans.- An electoral roll is an updated list of all eligible voters in a constituency.

Part 2: Historical and Key Dates (26-50)

26. When was the first general election in India held?

Ans.- The first general election in India was held from October 25, 1951, to February 21, 1952.

27. Who won the first general election in India?

Ans.- The Indian National Congress won the first general election in India.

28. Which article of the Indian Constitution gives powers to the Election Commission?

Ans.- Article 324 of the Indian Constitution gives powers to the Election Commission.

29. When was the voting age reduced from 21 to 18 in India?

Ans.- The voting age was reduced from 21 to 18 in 1988.

30. When was EVM (Electronic Voting Machine) first used in India?

Ans.- EVM was first used in India in 1982 in Kerala.

31. Which state has the highest number of Lok Sabha seats?

Ans.- Uttar Pradesh has the highest number of Lok Sabha seats, with 80 seats.

32. Which state has the least number of Lok Sabha seats?

Ans.- Sikkim has the least number of Lok Sabha seats, with 1 seat.

33. Which country was the first to grant Universal Adult Franchise?

Ans.- New Zealand was the first country to grant Universal Adult Franchise in 1893.

34. Who was the first woman Chief Election Commissioner of India?

Ans.- V.S. Ramadevi was the first woman Chief Election Commissioner of India.

35. Which is the largest constituency in India by area?

Ans.- Ladakh is the largest constituency in India by area.

36. Which is the smallest constituency in India by area?

Ans.- Chandni Chowk, Delhi, is the smallest constituency in India by area.

37. Which political party was founded in 1980?

Ans.- The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) was founded in 1980.

38. Which is the largest parliamentary constituency by voters?

Ans.- Malkajgiri, Telangana, is the largest parliamentary constituency by voters.

39. When is National Voters’ Day celebrated?

Ans.- National Voters’ Day is celebrated on January 25 every year.

40. What was the voter turnout in the 2019 Lok Sabha elections?

Ans.- The voter turnout in the 2019 Lok Sabha elections was approximately 67.11%.

41. Which country is the largest democracy in the world?

Ans.- India is the largest democracy in the world.

42. When was the Representation of the People Act passed?

Ans.- The Representation of the People Act was passed in 1951.

43. Which state was the first to reserve seats for women in Panchayats?

Ans.- Madhya Pradesh was the first state to reserve seats for women in Panchayats in 1994.

44. What is the tenure of Rajya Sabha members?

Ans.- The tenure of Rajya Sabha members is 6 years, with one-third retiring every two years.

45. Who conducts elections for the President of India?

Ans.- The Election Commission of India conducts elections for the President of India.

46. What is the 73rd Amendment Act?

Ans.- The 73rd Amendment Act introduced elections for Panchayati Raj institutions.

47. What is the 74th Amendment Act?

Ans.- The 74th Amendment Act introduced elections for urban local bodies.

48. What is Delimitation?

Ans.- Delimitation is the redrawing of constituency boundaries based on population changes.

49. When was the Anti-Defection Law enacted?

Ans.- The Anti-Defection Law was enacted in 1985.

50. Who oversees Panchayat elections?

Ans.- The State Election Commission oversees Panchayat elections.

Part 3: Electoral Reforms and Issues (51-75)

51. What is electoral reform?

Ans.- Electoral reform refers to changes aimed at improving the electoral process.

52. What is the significance of NOTA?

Ans.- NOTA allows voters to reject all candidates if they do not find anyone suitable.

53. What is cross-voting?

Ans.- Cross-voting occurs when a voter supports a candidate outside their political party.

54. What is a floating voter?

Ans.- A floating voter is someone who does not show consistent loyalty to any political party.

55. What is voter suppression?

Ans.- Voter suppression involves tactics used to discourage or prevent certain groups of people from voting.

56. What are election observers?

Ans.- Election observers are officials who monitor elections to ensure they are conducted fairly.

57. What is a hung assembly?

Ans.- A hung assembly is a legislature where no single party or coalition has a majority.

58. What is the anti-defection law?

Ans.- The anti-defection law disqualifies legislators who switch parties after being elected.

59. What is an independent candidate?

Ans.- An independent candidate contests elections without being affiliated with any political party.

60. What is proxy voting?

Ans.- Proxy voting allows an authorized person to vote on behalf of an absentee voter.

61. What is an opinion poll?

Ans.- An opinion poll is a survey conducted to predict voter preferences before an election.

62. What is an exit poll?

Ans.- An exit poll surveys voters after they have cast their votes to predict the results.

63. What is a vote bank?

Ans.- A vote bank refers to a group of voters who consistently support a particular party or candidate.

64. What is electoral malpractice?

Ans.- Electoral malpractice includes unethical or illegal actions like rigging, bribery, and booth capturing.

65. What is EVM?

Ans.- EVM (Electronic Voting Machine) is a device used to record votes electronically.

66. What is the VVPAT system?

Ans.- VVPAT (Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail) generates a paper receipt for each vote cast.

67. When was VVPAT first introduced in India?

Ans.- VVPAT was first introduced in 2013 in Nagaland during a by-election.

68. What is delimitation?

Ans.- Delimitation is the process of redrawing electoral boundaries based on population.

69. What is a model polling booth?

Ans.- A model polling booth is designed to ensure a comfortable voting experience with additional facilities.

70. What is the significance of Universal Adult Franchise?

Ans.- It ensures equality by giving every adult citizen the right to vote.

71. What are the main challenges of conducting elections in India?

Ans.- Challenges include large-scale logistics, security, and ensuring free and fair elections.

72. What is a political campaign?

Ans.- A political campaign is a series of activities by candidates or parties to influence voters.

73. What is election funding?

Ans.- Election funding refers to the money spent by parties and candidates during elections.

74. What is the MCC (Model Code of Conduct)?

Ans.- The MCC is a set of ethical guidelines political parties must follow during elections.

75. What is the punishment for violating the MCC?

Ans.- Punishments include warnings, fines, or disqualification of candidates or parties.

Part 4: Miscellaneous (76-100)

76. What are the main functions of the Election Commission?

Ans.- Conducting elections, updating voter lists, and ensuring free and fair elections.

77. What are the qualifications to contest Lok Sabha elections?

Ans.- The candidate must be an Indian citizen, at least 25 years old, and not hold any disqualifications.

78. What are the qualifications to contest Rajya Sabha elections?

Ans.- The candidate must be an Indian citizen, at least 30 years old, and meet other eligibility criteria.

79. How are the members of Rajya Sabha elected?

Ans.- Members are elected by state legislatures through proportional representation.

80. What is the tenure of the President of India?

Ans.- The tenure of the President of India is 5 years.

81. Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner?

Ans.- The Chief Election Commissioner is appointed by the President of India.

82. What is voter education?

Ans.- Voter education involves informing citizens about the electoral process and their voting rights.

83. What is the role of political parties in elections?

Ans.- Political parties nominate candidates, campaign for votes, and form governments if they win.

84. What is a proportional representation system?

Ans.- A system where parties gain seats in proportion to the votes they receive.

85. What is the difference between Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections?

Ans.- Lok Sabha elections are held nationwide, while Vidhan Sabha elections are for state legislatures.

86. What is the term for state legislative assemblies?

Ans.- The term for state legislative assemblies is 5 years.

87. What is a no-confidence motion?

Ans.- A no-confidence motion is a parliamentary motion to test whether the government has majority support.

88. What is the purpose of opinion polls?

Ans.- To gauge public opinion and predict election results.

89. What is the highest voter turnout recorded in India?

Ans.- The highest voter turnout was 82.14% in the 2014 assembly elections in Nagaland.

90. Which country inspired India’s electoral system?

Ans.- India’s electoral system was inspired by the British system.

91. What is an election symbol?

Ans.- An election symbol represents political parties or candidates.

92. Who allocates election symbols to political parties?

Ans.- The Election Commission of India allocates election symbols.

93. What is an election petition?

Ans.- An election petition challenges the validity of an election result.

94. What are the limitations of opinion and exit polls?

Ans.- They can mislead voters and affect the fairness of elections.

95. Which party has won the maximum number of Lok Sabha seats historically?

Ans.- The Indian National Congress has historically won the most seats.

96. What is the responsibility of returning officers?

Ans.- Returning officers oversee the conduct of elections in a constituency.

97. What is the role of polling agents?

Ans.- Polling agents represent candidates at polling stations to ensure fairness.

98. What is a minority government?

Ans.- A government formed by a party or coalition without a majority in the legislature.

99. What is a bye-election?

Ans.- A bye-election is held to fill a vacant seat due to death, resignation, or disqualification.

100. What is the objective of electoral rolls?

Ans.- Electoral rolls ensure only eligible voters can participate in elections